docs: add architecture overview for context
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# TradingAgents Architecture Overview
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> **Purpose:** Reference document mapping the current TradingAgents architecture.
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> **Status:** Informational (no changes proposed here)
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> **Related:** [RFC_AUTORESEARCH_INTRADAY.md](./RFC_AUTORESEARCH_INTRADAY.md)
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>
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> This document is submitted as context for the auto-research RFC. It captures
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> the current architecture to ground the proposal in existing code.
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## Overview
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TradingAgents is a **multi-agent LLM system** that analyzes stocks using 12 AI agents organized in 4 layers:
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1. **Analysis Layer** - 4 analysts gather data using tools
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2. **Investment Debate Layer** - Bull vs Bear researchers debate, judge decides
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3. **Trading Layer** - Trader creates execution plan
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4. **Risk Management Layer** - 3 risk analysts debate, portfolio manager makes final call
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---
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## Complete System Flow (High Level)
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```mermaid
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flowchart TD
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USER["User calls ta.propagate('NVDA', '2024-05-10')"]
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subgraph INIT["Initialization"]
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MAIN["main.py"] --> CONFIG["default_config.py"]
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CONFIG --> GRAPH["TradingAgentsGraph.__init__()"]
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GRAPH --> LLM_FACTORY["create_llm_client() - factory.py"]
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LLM_FACTORY --> DEEP["deep_thinking_llm"]
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LLM_FACTORY --> QUICK["quick_thinking_llm"]
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GRAPH --> MEM_INIT["Initialize Memories<br/>bull_memory, bear_memory, trader_memory"]
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end
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USER --> PROPAGATOR["Propagator<br/>Creates initial state"]
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subgraph ANALYSTS["Layer 1: Analysis (Sequential)"]
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MA["Market Analyst<br/>tools: get_stock_data, get_indicators"]
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SA["Social Media Analyst<br/>tools: get_news"]
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NA["News Analyst<br/>tools: get_news, get_global_news"]
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FA["Fundamentals Analyst<br/>tools: get_fundamentals,<br/>get_balance_sheet,<br/>get_cashflow,<br/>get_income_statement"]
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MA --> SA --> NA --> FA
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end
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subgraph DEBATE["Layer 2: Investment Debate"]
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BULL["Bull Researcher<br/>(BUY advocate + memory)"]
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BEAR["Bear Researcher<br/>(SELL advocate + memory)"]
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BULL <-->|"max_debate_rounds"| BEAR
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JUDGE["Research Manager<br/>(Judge: BUY/SELL/HOLD)"]
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BULL --> JUDGE
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BEAR --> JUDGE
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end
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subgraph TRADE["Layer 3: Trading"]
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TRADER["Trader<br/>(Execution strategy + memory)"]
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end
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subgraph RISK["Layer 4: Risk Management Debate"]
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AGG["Aggressive Analyst<br/>(High risk, high reward)"]
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CON["Conservative Analyst<br/>(Low risk, protect assets)"]
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NEU["Neutral Analyst<br/>(Balanced approach)"]
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AGG <-->|"max_risk_discuss_rounds"| CON
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CON <-->|"max_risk_discuss_rounds"| NEU
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PM["Portfolio Manager<br/>(Final Judge)"]
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AGG --> PM
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CON --> PM
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NEU --> PM
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end
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subgraph OUTPUT["Final Output"]
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SP["SignalProcessor<br/>Extracts: BUY/OVERWEIGHT/HOLD/UNDERWEIGHT/SELL"]
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end
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PROPAGATOR --> ANALYSTS
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FA --> DEBATE
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JUDGE --> TRADE
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TRADER --> RISK
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PM --> SP
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SP --> DECISION["Final Decision Returned to User"]
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style ANALYSTS fill:#e1f5fe,e1f5fe,stroke:#0277bd,stroke-width:2px,color:#01579b
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style DEBATE fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ef6c00,stroke-width:2px,color:#e65100
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style TRADE fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#1b5e20
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style RISK fill:#fce4ec,stroke:#c2185b,stroke-width:2px,color:#880e4f
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style OUTPUT fill:#f3e5f5,stroke:#7b1fa2,stroke-width:2px,color:#4a148c
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```
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---
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## Data Flow: From APIs to Agent Reports
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```mermaid
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%%{init: {
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'themeVariables': { 'fontSize': '20px' },
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'flowchart': { 'nodeSpacing': 100, 'rankSpacing': 140 }
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}}%%
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flowchart LR
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subgraph EXTERNAL["External Data Sources"]
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YF["yfinance API<br/>(Free, no key)"]
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AV["Alpha Vantage API<br/>(Needs API key)"]
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end
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subgraph DATAFLOWS["tradingagents/dataflows/"]
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YF_PY["y_finance.py<br/>get_YFin_data_online()"]
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YF_NEWS["yfinance_news.py<br/>get_news_yfinance()<br/>get_global_news_yfinance()"]
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AV_STOCK["alpha_vantage_stock.py"]
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AV_FUND["alpha_vantage_fundamentals.py"]
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AV_IND["alpha_vantage_indicator.py"]
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AV_NEWS["alpha_vantage_news.py"]
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ROUTER["interface.py<br/>route_to_vendor()<br/><br/>Decides: yfinance or alpha_vantage?<br/>Auto-fallback on rate limit"]
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end
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subgraph TOOLS["tradingagents/agents/utils/ (Tool Layer)"]
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T1["core_stock_tools.py<br/>get_stock_data()"]
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T2["technical_indicators_tools.py<br/>get_indicators()"]
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T3["fundamental_data_tools.py<br/>get_fundamentals()<br/>get_balance_sheet()<br/>get_cashflow()<br/>get_income_statement()"]
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T4["news_data_tools.py<br/>get_news()<br/>get_global_news()<br/>get_insider_transactions()"]
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end
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subgraph AGENTS["Analyst Agents"]
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MA2["Market Analyst"]
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SA2["Social Media Analyst"]
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NA2["News Analyst"]
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FA2["Fundamentals Analyst"]
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end
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YF --> YF_PY
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YF --> YF_NEWS
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AV --> AV_STOCK
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AV --> AV_FUND
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AV --> AV_IND
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AV --> AV_NEWS
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YF_PY --> ROUTER
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YF_NEWS --> ROUTER
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AV_STOCK --> ROUTER
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AV_FUND --> ROUTER
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AV_IND --> ROUTER
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AV_NEWS --> ROUTER
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ROUTER --> T1
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ROUTER --> T2
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ROUTER --> T3
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ROUTER --> T4
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T1 --> MA2
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T2 --> MA2
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T4 --> SA2
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T4 --> NA2
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T3 --> FA2
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style EXTERNAL fill:#ffecb3,stroke:#f9a825,stroke-width:2px,color:#f57f17
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style DATAFLOWS fill:#e1f5fe,stroke:#0277bd,stroke-width:2px,color:#01579b
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style TOOLS fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#1b5e20
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style AGENTS fill:#f3e5f5,stroke:#7b1fa2,stroke-width:2px,color:#4a148c
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```
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---
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## interface.py - The Router (Detailed)
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```mermaid
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flowchart TD
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CALL["Agent calls a tool<br/>e.g., get_stock_data('NVDA', ...)"]
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ROUTE["route_to_vendor('get_stock_data', *args)"]
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CAT["get_category_for_method()<br/>→ 'core_stock_apis'"]
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VENDOR["get_vendor(category, method)<br/>1. Check tool_vendors config (highest priority)<br/>2. Fall back to data_vendors config<br/>3. Fall back to 'default'"]
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PRIMARY["Try PRIMARY vendor<br/>(e.g., yfinance)"]
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SUCCESS{"Success?"}
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RATE_LIMIT{"Rate Limited?"}
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FALLBACK["Try FALLBACK vendor<br/>(e.g., alpha_vantage)"]
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RETURN["Return data to agent"]
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CALL --> ROUTE --> CAT --> VENDOR --> PRIMARY --> SUCCESS
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SUCCESS -->|"Yes"| RETURN
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SUCCESS -->|"No"| RATE_LIMIT
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RATE_LIMIT -->|"Yes"| FALLBACK
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RATE_LIMIT -->|"No (other error)"| ERROR["Raise Error"]
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FALLBACK --> RETURN
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style ROUTE fill:#bbdefb,stroke:#0277bd,stroke-width:2px,color:#01579b
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style VENDOR fill:#c8e6c9,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#1b5e20
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```
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---
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## Tool Categories & Vendor Mapping
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```mermaid
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%%{init: {'flowchart': {'nodeSpacing': 80, 'rankSpacing': 120}}}%%
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flowchart TD
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subgraph CATEGORIES["Tool Categories (from config)"]
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C1["core_stock_apis"]
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C2["technical_indicators"]
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C3["fundamental_data"]
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C4["news_data"]
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end
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subgraph TOOLS_IN_CATS["Tools per Category"]
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C1 --> T_STOCK["get_stock_data"]
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C2 --> T_IND["get_indicators"]
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C3 --> T_FUND["get_fundamentals"]
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C3 --> T_BAL["get_balance_sheet"]
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C3 --> T_CASH["get_cashflow"]
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C3 --> T_INC["get_income_statement"]
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C4 --> T_NEWS["get_news"]
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C4 --> T_GNEWS["get_global_news"]
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C4 --> T_INSIDER["get_insider_transactions"]
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end
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subgraph VENDORS["Available Vendor Implementations"]
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V_YF["yfinance<br/>(Free, default)"]
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V_AV["Alpha Vantage<br/>(API key needed)"]
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end
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T_STOCK --> V_YF
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T_STOCK --> V_AV
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T_IND --> V_YF
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T_IND --> V_AV
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T_FUND --> V_YF
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T_FUND --> V_AV
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T_BAL --> V_YF
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T_BAL --> V_AV
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T_CASH --> V_YF
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T_CASH --> V_AV
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T_INC --> V_YF
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T_INC --> V_AV
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T_NEWS --> V_YF
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T_NEWS --> V_AV
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T_GNEWS --> V_YF
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T_GNEWS --> V_AV
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T_INSIDER --> V_YF
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style CATEGORIES fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ef6c00,stroke-width:2px,color:#e65100
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style VENDORS fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#1b5e20
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```
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---
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## Agent Detail: Who Has What Tools
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```mermaid
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%%{init: {
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'themeVariables': { 'fontSize': '20px' },
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'flowchart': { 'nodeSpacing': 100, 'rankSpacing': 50 }
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}}%%
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flowchart LR
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subgraph WITH_TOOLS["Agents WITH Tools (4)"]
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MA3["Market Analyst"]
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SA3["Social Media Analyst"]
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NA3["News Analyst"]
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FA3["Fundamentals Analyst"]
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end
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subgraph NO_TOOLS["Agents WITHOUT Tools (8) - Pure LLM Reasoning"]
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BULL3["Bull Researcher"]
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BEAR3["Bear Researcher"]
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RM3["Research Manager"]
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TR3["Trader"]
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AG3["Aggressive Analyst"]
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CO3["Conservative Analyst"]
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NE3["Neutral Analyst"]
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PM3["Portfolio Manager"]
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end
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MA3 -->|uses| T_S["get_stock_data<br/>get_indicators"]
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SA3 -->|uses| T_N1["get_news"]
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NA3 -->|uses| T_N2["get_news<br/>get_global_news"]
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FA3 -->|uses| T_F["get_fundamentals<br/>get_balance_sheet<br/>get_cashflow<br/>get_income_statement"]
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BULL3 -->|reads| REPORTS["All 4 Analyst Reports<br/>+ Past Memories"]
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BEAR3 -->|reads| REPORTS
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RM3 -->|reads| DEBATE_HIST["Debate History"]
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TR3 -->|reads| INV_PLAN["Investment Plan"]
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AG3 -->|reads| TRADE_PLAN["Trader's Plan"]
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CO3 -->|reads| TRADE_PLAN
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NE3 -->|reads| TRADE_PLAN
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PM3 -->|reads| RISK_HIST["Risk Debate History"]
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style WITH_TOOLS fill:#c8e6c9,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#1b5e20
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style NO_TOOLS fill:#ffecb3,stroke:#f9a825,stroke-width:2px,color:#f57f17
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```
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---
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## LangGraph Execution Flow (Detailed)
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```mermaid
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%%{init: {
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'themeVariables': { 'fontSize': '20px' },
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'flowchart': { 'nodeSpacing': 80, 'rankSpacing': 80 }
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}}%%
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stateDiagram-v2
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[*] --> Propagator: propagate(ticker, date)
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Propagator --> MarketAnalyst: Initial state created
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state "Analyst Phase" as AP {
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MarketAnalyst --> tools_market: Calls tools
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tools_market --> MarketAnalyst: Returns data
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MarketAnalyst --> MsgClearMarket: Report done
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MsgClearMarket --> SocialAnalyst
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SocialAnalyst --> tools_social: Calls tools
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tools_social --> SocialAnalyst: Returns data
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SocialAnalyst --> MsgClearSocial: Report done
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MsgClearSocial --> NewsAnalyst
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NewsAnalyst --> tools_news: Calls tools
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tools_news --> NewsAnalyst: Returns data
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NewsAnalyst --> MsgClearNews: Report done
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MsgClearNews --> FundAnalyst
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FundAnalyst --> tools_fund: Calls tools
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tools_fund --> FundAnalyst: Returns data
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FundAnalyst --> MsgClearFund: Report done
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}
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state "Investment Debate" as ID {
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BullResearcher --> BearResearcher: Bull case
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BearResearcher --> BullResearcher: Bear counter
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note right of BullResearcher: Loops max_debate_rounds times
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BearResearcher --> ResearchManager: Debate ends
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ResearchManager --> InvestmentPlan: BUY/SELL/HOLD
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}
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state "Trading" as TR {
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Trader --> TraderPlan: Execution strategy
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}
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state "Risk Debate" as RD {
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Aggressive --> Conservative: High-risk view
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Conservative --> Neutral: Low-risk view
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Neutral --> Aggressive: Balanced view
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note right of Aggressive: Loops max_risk_discuss_rounds times
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Neutral --> PortfolioManager: Debate ends
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}
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MsgClearFund --> BullResearcher
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InvestmentPlan --> Trader
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TraderPlan --> Aggressive
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PortfolioManager --> SignalProcessor
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SignalProcessor --> [*]: BUY/OVERWEIGHT/HOLD/UNDERWEIGHT/SELL
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```
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---
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## Memory System (BM25 Similarity Search)
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```mermaid
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%%{init: {
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'themeVariables': { 'fontSize': '20px' },
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'flowchart': { 'nodeSpacing': 100, 'rankSpacing': 120 }
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}}%%
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flowchart TD
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subgraph MEMORIES["5 Memory Instances"]
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M1["bull_memory<br/>FinancialSituationMemory"]
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M2["bear_memory<br/>FinancialSituationMemory"]
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M3["trader_memory<br/>FinancialSituationMemory"]
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M4["invest_judge_memory"]
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M5["portfolio_manager_memory"]
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end
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subgraph WRITE_PATH["Writing to Memory (after trade results)"]
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RESULT["Trade returns/losses"]
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REFLECT["Reflector<br/>reflection.py"]
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REFLECT -->|"What went right/wrong?"| LESSONS["Lessons learned<br/>(situation, recommendation) pairs"]
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LESSONS --> M1
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LESSONS --> M2
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LESSONS --> M3
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LESSONS --> M4
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LESSONS --> M5
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end
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subgraph READ_PATH["Reading from Memory (during analysis)"]
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CURRENT["Current market situation"]
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BM25["BM25Okapi Search<br/>memory.py"]
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CURRENT --> BM25
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BM25 -->|"Top N similar past situations"| CONTEXT["Past lessons + recommendations"]
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CONTEXT --> AGENTS2["Researchers & Managers<br/>use past experience"]
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end
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RESULT --> REFLECT
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M1 --> BM25
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M2 --> BM25
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style MEMORIES fill:#e1f5fe,stroke:#0277bd,stroke-width:2px,color:#01579b
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style WRITE_PATH fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ef6c00,stroke-width:2px,color:#e65100
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style READ_PATH fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#1b5e20
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```
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---
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## LLM Client Architecture
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```mermaid
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%%{init: {
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'themeVariables': {
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'fontSize': '18px'
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},
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'flowchart': {
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'nodeSpacing': 80,
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'rankSpacing': 120
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}
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}}%%
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flowchart TB
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%% Factory Layer
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subgraph FACTORY["Factory Layer"]
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CF["create_llm_client(provider, model)"]
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end
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%% Base Layer
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subgraph BASE["Base Class"]
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BLC["BaseLLMClient<br/>- get_llm()<br/>- validate_model()<br/>- warn_if_unknown_model()"]
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end
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%% Provider Layer
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subgraph CLIENTS["Provider Implementations"]
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direction LR
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OAI["OpenAIClient<br/>(openai, ollama, openrouter, xai)"]
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ANTH["AnthropicClient"]
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GOOG["GoogleClient"]
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end
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%% Flow (clean hierarchy)
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CF --> BLC
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BLC --> OAI
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BLC --> ANTH
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BLC --> GOOG
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%% Optional: show routing logic (lighter)
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CF -.->|"openai"| OAI
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CF -.->|"anthropic"| ANTH
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CF -.->|"google"| GOOG
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%% Styles (cleaner contrast)
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style FACTORY fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ef6c00,stroke-width:2px,color:#e65100
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style BASE fill:#e1f5fe,stroke:#0277bd,stroke-width:2px,color:#01579b
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style CLIENTS fill:#e8f5e9,stroke:#2e7d32,stroke-width:2px,color:#1b5e20
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## Complete File Structure
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
TradingAgents/
|
||||
├── main.py # Entry point
|
||||
├── tradingagents/
|
||||
│ ├── default_config.py # All default settings
|
||||
│ │
|
||||
│ ├── agents/
|
||||
│ │ ├── analysts/
|
||||
│ │ │ ├── market_analyst.py # Tools: get_stock_data, get_indicators
|
||||
│ │ │ ├── social_media_analyst.py # Tools: get_news
|
||||
│ │ │ ├── news_analyst.py # Tools: get_news, get_global_news
|
||||
│ │ │ └── fundamentals_analyst.py # Tools: get_fundamentals, balance_sheet, cashflow, income
|
||||
│ │ │
|
||||
│ │ ├── researchers/
|
||||
│ │ │ ├── bull_researcher.py # BUY advocate (with memory)
|
||||
│ │ │ └── bear_researcher.py # SELL advocate (with memory)
|
||||
│ │ │
|
||||
│ │ ├── managers/
|
||||
│ │ │ ├── research_manager.py # Judge for Bull/Bear debate
|
||||
│ │ │ └── portfolio_manager.py # Judge for Risk debate (FINAL decision)
|
||||
│ │ │
|
||||
│ │ ├── trader/
|
||||
│ │ │ └── trader.py # Execution strategy
|
||||
│ │ │
|
||||
│ │ ├── risk_mgmt/
|
||||
│ │ │ ├── aggressive_debator.py # High risk advocate
|
||||
│ │ │ ├── conservative_debator.py # Low risk advocate
|
||||
│ │ │ └── neutral_debator.py # Balanced advocate
|
||||
│ │ │
|
||||
│ │ └── utils/
|
||||
│ │ ├── agent_states.py # State definitions (AgentState)
|
||||
│ │ ├── agent_utils.py # Helper utilities
|
||||
│ │ ├── memory.py # BM25-based memory system
|
||||
│ │ ├── core_stock_tools.py # Tool: get_stock_data
|
||||
│ │ ├── technical_indicators_tools.py # Tool: get_indicators
|
||||
│ │ ├── fundamental_data_tools.py # Tools: fundamentals, balance sheet, etc.
|
||||
│ │ └── news_data_tools.py # Tools: news, global_news, insider_transactions
|
||||
│ │
|
||||
│ ├── graph/
|
||||
│ │ ├── trading_graph.py # Main orchestrator class
|
||||
│ │ ├── setup.py # LangGraph node/edge definitions
|
||||
│ │ ├── conditional_logic.py # Flow control (debate rounds, routing)
|
||||
│ │ ├── propagation.py # State initialization
|
||||
│ │ ├── reflection.py # Post-trade learning
|
||||
│ │ └── signal_processing.py # Extract final BUY/SELL/HOLD signal
|
||||
│ │
|
||||
│ ├── dataflows/
|
||||
│ │ ├── interface.py # THE ROUTER: routes tools to vendors
|
||||
│ │ ├── config.py # Data config getter/setter
|
||||
│ │ ├── utils.py # Utility functions
|
||||
│ │ ├── y_finance.py # yfinance data fetching
|
||||
│ │ ├── yfinance_news.py # yfinance news fetching
|
||||
│ │ ├── alpha_vantage_stock.py # Alpha Vantage stock data
|
||||
│ │ ├── alpha_vantage_fundamentals.py # Alpha Vantage financials
|
||||
│ │ ├── alpha_vantage_indicator.py # Alpha Vantage indicators
|
||||
│ │ ├── alpha_vantage_news.py # Alpha Vantage news
|
||||
│ │ ├── alpha_vantage_common.py # Shared AV utilities
|
||||
│ │ └── stockstats_utils.py # Technical indicator calculations
|
||||
│ │
|
||||
│ └── llm_clients/
|
||||
│ ├── factory.py # create_llm_client() factory function
|
||||
│ ├── base_client.py # BaseLLMClient abstract class
|
||||
│ ├── openai_client.py # OpenAI/Ollama/xAI/OpenRouter
|
||||
│ ├── anthropic_client.py # Anthropic Claude
|
||||
│ ├── google_client.py # Google Gemini
|
||||
│ ├── validators.py # Model name validation
|
||||
│ └── model_catalog.py # Known model lists
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## State Object: What Data Flows Between Agents
|
||||
|
||||
```mermaid
|
||||
flowchart TD
|
||||
subgraph STATE["AgentState (shared state object)"]
|
||||
S1["messages: list - LLM conversation history"]
|
||||
S2["company_of_interest: str - 'NVDA'"]
|
||||
S3["trade_date: str - '2024-05-10'"]
|
||||
S4["market_report: str - Market Analyst output"]
|
||||
S5["sentiment_report: str - Social Analyst output"]
|
||||
S6["news_report: str - News Analyst output"]
|
||||
S7["fundamentals_report: str - Fundamentals Analyst output"]
|
||||
S8["investment_debate_state: dict - Bull/Bear debate history + judge decision"]
|
||||
S9["investment_plan: str - Research Manager's plan"]
|
||||
S10["trader_investment_plan: str - Trader's execution plan"]
|
||||
S11["risk_debate_state: dict - Risk debate history"]
|
||||
S12["final_trade_decision: str - Portfolio Manager's FINAL output"]
|
||||
end
|
||||
|
||||
style STATE fill:#f5f5f5
|
||||
```
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue